LYME ASSOCIATION FRANCE
SCRISOARE CATRE MINISTRUL SANATATII DIN FRANTA
BP 100496 / Arcueil - 94410 POST ARCUEIL PDC
email: contact@francelyme.fr • Web: www.francelyme.fr
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4. Diagnosis
Currently, there are two ways to diagnose official Lyme disease in France .
4.1.
Erythema migrant
If just after a tick bite, the patient has erythema migrans (spot or red circle or
brown, with a size ranging from 1 cm to several tens of cm), then it is deemed to have the disease
Lyme [5].
But only a doctor can diagnose knowledgeable Lyme disease from this rash.
In addition, numerous scientific studies show that erythema migrans is present in 30%
60% of cases. In the absence of rash, other symptoms of Lyme disease are often confused
with other diseases and, therefore, Lyme disease is often not detected at stage
primary.
4.2.
Blot serology etWestern
The second way to diagnose is to achieve a blood test for serology (test
ELISA), followed by a second analysis for confirmation (called Western Blot). However, the sensitivity of
ELISA is about 30% to only 50% [10-52].
This poor rate could be corrected if a negative ELISA was systematically followed by a test
Western Blot, as advocated by many foreign doctors. Unfortunately, in France ,
procedure is the opposite of this recommendation: it is forbidden to perform a Western Blot if the
negative serology (order of 20/09/2005 amending the decree of 3 April 1985 establishing the Nomenclature
acts of Medical Biology).
The low sensitivity of the ELISA can be explained by several factors:
1. The body needs six to eight weeks after the tick bite to produce a quantity
sufficient antibody to be detectable by serology. Many analyzes are made in
first two months after the bite and many patients are not diagnosed.
2. Antibodies that neutralize the bacteria have the ability to create immune complexes
antibody-antigen: antibody surround bacteria and bind. However, the serology dose
antibodies that circulate freely in the blood and only. This phenomenon exists for other
infections such as tuberculosis and herpes viruses.
3. Borrelia has the ability to become invisible immune system, preventing or
thus slowing the production of antibodies.
4. Serological tests have been developed on a portion of the existing strains in Europe . They
seek not the antibodies produced against all strains.
Finally, the tick can transmit many other pathogens (Anaplasma, Babesia, etc..)
responsible for symptoms similar but not by delectable looking Borrelia tests
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